/*!
-\page double_nodes_page Duplicate Nodes
+\page double_nodes_page Duplicate Nodes or/and Elements
-\n This operation allows to duplicate nodes of your mesh, which can be
-useful to emulate a crack in the model.
-Duplication consists in replacement of an existing mesh element by another one.
-Lower level elements of the duplicated ones are cloned automatically.
+\n This operation allows duplicating mesh nodes or/and elements, which can be useful to emulate a crack in the model.
-<em>To duplicate nodes:</em>
+Duplication consists in creation of mesh element "equal" to existing ones.
+
+<em>To duplicate nodes or/and elements:</em>
<ol>
-<li>From the \b Modification menu choose \b Transformation -> \b Duplicate
-\b Nodes item or click <em>"Duplicate Nodes"</em> button in the toolbar.
+<li>From the \b Modification menu choose \b Transformation -> <b> Duplicate
+ Nodes or/and Elements </b> item or click <em>"Duplicate Nodes or/and
+ Elements"</em> button in the toolbar.
<br>
-\image html duplicate_nodes.png "Duplicate Nodes button"
+\image html duplicate_nodes.png "Duplicate Nodes or/and Elements button"
</li>
-<li>Check in the dialog box one of two radio buttons corresponding to
-the type of nodes duplication operation you would like to perform.</li>
-<li>Fill the other fields available in the dialog box (depends on the chosen
- operation mode).</li>
-<li>Click the \b Apply or <b>Apply and Close</b> button to perform the operation of nodes
- duplication.</li>
+<li>Check in the dialog box one of three radio buttons corresponding to
+ the type of duplication operation you would like to perform.</li>
+<li>Fill the other fields available in the dialog box (depending on
+ the chosen operation mode).</li>
+<li>Click the \b Apply or <b>Apply and Close</b> button to perform the
+ operation of duplication.</li>
</ol>
-\n "Duplicate Nodes" dialog has two working modes:
+\n "Duplicate Nodes or/and Elements" dialog has three working modes:
<ul>
-<li>\ref mode_without_elem_anchor "Without the duplication of border elements"</li>
-<li>\ref mode_with_elem_anchor "With the duplication of border elements"</li>
+<li>\ref mode_without_elem_anchor "Duplicate nodes only"</li>
+<li>\ref mode_with_elem_anchor "Duplicate nodes and border elements"</li>
+<li>\ref mode_elem_only_anchor "Duplicate elements only"</li>
</ul>
<br>
\anchor mode_without_elem_anchor
-<h2>Without duplication of border elements</h2>
-In this mode the dialog looks like:
+<h2>Duplicate nodes only</h2>
\image html duplicate01.png
Parameters to be defined in this mode:
<ul>
-<li><b>Group of nodes to duplicate</b> (<em>mandatory</em>): these nodes will be duplicated.</li>
-<li><b>Group of elements to replace nodes with new ones</b> (<em>optional</em>): the duplicated nodes
- will be associated with these elements.</li>
-<li><b>Construct group with newly created nodes</b> option (<em>checked by default</em>):
- if checked - the group with just created nodes will be built.</li>
+<li><b>Group of nodes to duplicate</b> (<em>mandatory</em>): these
+ nodes will be duplicated.</li>
+<li><b>Group of elements to replace nodes with new ones</b>
+ (<em>optional</em>): the new nodes will replace the duplicated nodes within these elements.</li>
+<li><b>Construct group with newly created nodes</b> option
+ (<em>checked by default</em>): if checked - the group with newly
+ created nodes will be built.</li>
</ul>
+A schema below illustrates how the crack is emulated using the node duplication.
+\image html crack_emulation_double_nodes.png "Crack emulation"
+This schema shows a virtual crack in a 2D mesh created using this duplication
+mode:
+- Black balls are <b>duplicated nodes</b>.
+- Red balls are <b>new nodes</b>.
+- <b>Elements to replace nodes with new ones</b> are marked with green.
+
+Note that in the reality <b>duplicated nodes</b> coincide with <b>new nodes</b>.
<br>
\anchor mode_with_elem_anchor
-<h2>With duplication of border elements</h2>
-In this mode the dialog looks like:
+
+<h2>Duplicate nodes and border elements</h2>
\image html duplicate02.png
Parameters to be defined in this mode:
<ul>
-<li><b>Group of elements to duplicate</b> (<em>mandatory</em>): these elements will be duplicated.</li>
-<li><b>Group of nodes at not to duplicate</b> (<em>optional</em>): group of nodes at crack bottom
- which will not be duplicated.</li>
-<li><b>Group of elements to replace nodes with new ones</b> (<em>mandatory</em>): the duplicated nodes
- will be associated with these elements.</li>
-<li><b>Construct group with newly created elements</b> option (<em>checked by default</em>):
- if checked - the group of just created elements will be built.</li>
-<li><b>Construct group with newly created nodes</b> option (<em>checked by default</em>):
- if checked - the group of just created nodes will be built.</li>
+<li><b>Group of elements to duplicate</b> (<em>mandatory</em>): these
+ elements will be duplicated.</li>
+<li><b>Group of nodes not to duplicate</b> (<em>optional</em>):
+ group of nodes at crack bottom which will not be duplicated.</li>
+<li><b>Group of elements to replace nodes with new ones</b>
+ (<em>mandatory</em>): the new nodes will replace the nodes to
+ duplicate within these elements.</li>
+<li><b>Construct group with newly created elements</b> option
+ (<em>checked by default</em>): if checked - the group of newly created
+ elements will be built.</li>
+<li><b>Construct group with newly created nodes</b> option
+ (<em>checked by default</em>): if checked - the group of newly
+ created nodes will be built.</li>
</ul>
+A schema below explains the crack emulation using the node duplication
+with border elements.
+\image html crack_emulation_double_nodes_with_elems.png "Crack emulation"
+This schema shows a virtual crack in a 2D mesh created using this duplication
+mode. In this schema:
+- Black segments are <b>duplicated elements</b> (edges in 2D case).
+- Black balls (except for the lowest one) are duplicated nodes of <b>duplicated elements</b>.
+- The lowest black ball is the <b>non-duplicated node</b>.
+- Red balls are <b>newly created nodes</b>.
+- Red segments are <b>created elements</b> (edges).
+- <b>Elements to replace nodes with new ones</b> are marked with green.
+
+Note that in the reality <b>nodes to duplicate</b> coincide with <b>new nodes</b>.
+<br>
+In a 3D case, where <b>elements to duplicate</b> are faces, the edges
+located at the "crack" (if any) are cloned automatically.
+
+<br>
+\anchor mode_elem_only_anchor
+<h2>Duplicate elements only</h2>
+
+This mode duplicates the given elements, i.e. creates new elements with the same nodes as the given elements.
+
+<br>
+
+
+\image html duplicate03.png
+
+<ul>
+<li><b>Group of elements to duplicate</b> (<em>mandatory</em>): these
+ elements will be duplicated.</li>
+<li><b>Construct group with newly created elements</b> option
+ (<em>checked by default</em>): if checked - the group of newly created
+ elements will be built. The name of the created group starts from
+ "DoubleElements".</li>
+</ul>
-<br><b>See Also</b> a sample TUI Script of a \ref tui_duplicate_nodes "Duplicate nodes" operation.
+<br><b>See Also</b> a sample TUI Script of a
+ \ref tui_duplicate_nodes "Duplicate nodes or/and elements" operation.
*/
