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110 <h1>Sewing meshes</h1>
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112 <p><img src="../i_blue.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="30px" height="30px" border="0" class="img_whs1"> In SMESH you can sew elements of different
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113 meshes. The current functionality allows you to sew:</p>
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117 <ul type="disc" class="whs2">
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119 <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs3"><a href="#free bord">Free
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120 borders </a></p></li>
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122 <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs3"><a href="#conform">Conform
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123 free borders</a></p></li>
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125 <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs3"><a href="#border to side">Border
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126 to side</a></p></li>
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128 <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs3"><a href="#side elements">Side
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129 elements</a></p></li>
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132 <p class="whs3"> </p>
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134 <p class=TODO>To sew elements of different meshes:</p>
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136 <p class=TODO> </p>
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138 <p class="whs4">1. From the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Modification
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139 </B></span>menu choose the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Transformation
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140 </B></span>item and from
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141 its sub-menu select the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Sewing </B></span>item.
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142 The following dialog box shall appear:</p>
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144 <p class="whs4"> </p>
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146 <p class="whs4"><img src="../image57.gif" width="311px" height="456px" border="0" class="img_whs5"></p>
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148 <p class="whs4"> </p>
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150 <p class="whs4">2. In the upper part of this dialog box check
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151 one of the radio buttons corresponding to the type of sewing operation
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152 you would like to perform: </p>
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154 <p class="whs4"> </p>
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156 <p class="whs4"><img src="../image61.gif" width="297px" height="62px" border="0" class="img_whs6"> </p>
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158 <p class="whs4"> </p>
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160 <p class="whs4">3. Fill the other fields available in the
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163 <p class="whs4">4. Click the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>OK
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164 </B></span><span>or </span><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Apply </B></span>button
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165 to perform the operation of sewing. </p>
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167 <p class="whs3"> </p>
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169 <h3><a name="free bord"></a>Sew free borders</h3>
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171 <p>This functionality allows you to unite two free borders of a 2D mesh.</p>
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175 <p>For sewing free borders you should define three points on each border:
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176 first, second and the last node: </p>
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180 <ul type="disc" class="whs2">
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182 <li class=kadov-p><p> the
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183 first node specifies beginning of the border ;</p></li>
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185 <li class=kadov-p><p> the
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186 second node specifies the part of the border which should be considered
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187 (as far as the free border usually forms a closed contour);</p></li>
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189 <li class=kadov-p><p> the
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190 last node specifies the end of the border.</p></li>
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195 <p>You can select these nodes in the 3D viewer or define by its id.</p>
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199 <p>The first and the second nodes should belong to the same link of a face.
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200 The second and the last nodes of a border can be the same. The first and
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201 the last nodes of two borders can be the same. The corresponding end nodes
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202 of two borders will be merged. Intermediate nodes of two borders will
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203 be either merged or inserted into faces of the opposite border.</p>
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207 <p>The sewing algorithm is as follows:</p>
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211 <p class="whs4">1. The parameter (U) of each node within
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212 a border is computed. So that the first node has U=0.0, the last node
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213 has U=1.0, for the rest nodes 0.0 < U < 1.0;</p>
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215 <p class="whs4">2. Compare node parameters of the two borders.
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216 If two nodes of the opposite borders have close parameters, they are merged,
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217 i.e. a node of the first border is replaced in all elements by a node
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218 of the second border. If a node has no node with a close parameter in
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219 the opposite border, it is inserted into an edge of element of the opposite
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220 border, an element is split. Two nodes are considered close enough to
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221 merge, if difference of their parameters is less than one fifth of minimum
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222 length of adjacent face edges on the borders.</p>
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226 <p class="whs4"><img src="../image22.jpg" width="612px" height="225px" border="0" class="img_whs7"></p>
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228 <p class="whs4"> </p>
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230 <h3><a name=conform></a>Sew conform free borders</h3>
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232 <p>This functionality can be used to unite two free borders of a 2D mesh.</p>
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236 <p>The borders of meshes for sewing are defined as for "Sew free borders"
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237 except that the second free border is not limited and can be defined by
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238 the first and the second nodes only. The first nodes of two borders can
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243 <p class="whs4"><img src="../image23.jpg" width="612px" height="230px" border="0" class="img_whs8"></p>
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245 <p>The algorithm is following: counting nodes starting at the first ones,
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246 the n-th node of the first border is merged with the n-th node of the
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247 other border, until the end of either of borders. Nodes of the first border
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248 are replaced in all elements with corresponding nodes of the second border.</p>
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250 <p>For sewing conform free borders you should define three points on the
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251 first border and two points on the second one. User can select these nodes
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252 in 3D viewer or define node by its id.</p>
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254 <p class="whs3"> </p>
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256 <p class="whs3"> </p>
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258 <h3><a name="border to side"></a>Sew border to side</h3>
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260 <p>"Sew border to side" is intended to sew a free border to a
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263 <p>The free border is defined as for "Sewing of free borders".
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264 The place where to sew the border is defined by two nodes, between which
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265 the border faces are placed, so that the first border node is merged with
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266 the first node on the side and the last node of the border is merged with
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267 the second specified node on the side.</p>
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271 <p class="whs4"><img src="../image30.jpg" width="600px" height="227px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></p>
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273 <p>The algorithm is following.</p>
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275 <p>1. Find a sequence of linked nodes on the side such that the found links
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276 to be most co-directed with the links of the free border.</p>
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278 <p>2. Sew two sequences of nodes using algorithm of "Sewing of free
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281 <p>For sewing border to side you should define three points on the border
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282 and two points on the side. User can select these nodes in 3D viewer or
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283 define node by its id.</p>
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287 <h3><a name="side elements"></a>Sew side elements</h3>
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289 <p class="whs4"> </p>
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293 <p class="whs4"><img src="../image31.jpg" width="620px" height="228px" border="0" class="img_whs10"></p>
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295 <p>This operation is intended to unite two mesh surfaces.</p>
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297 <p>Surfaces may be defined by either 2d or 3d elements. The number of given
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298 elements of the sides must be the same. The sets of given elements must
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299 be topologically equal, i.e. each node of one element set must have a
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300 corresponding node in the other element set and corresponding nodes must
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301 be equally linked. If there are 3d elements in a set, only their free
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302 faces must obey to that rule.</p>
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304 <p>Two corresponding nodes on each side must be specified. They must belong
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305 to one element and must be located on an element set boundary.</p>
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307 <p>Sewing algorithm finds and merges the corresponding nodes starting from
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308 the specified ones.</p>
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312 <p class="whs4"><img src="../image32.jpg" width="304px" height="222px" border="0" class="img_whs11"></p>
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314 <p>For sewing side elements you should define elements for sewing and two
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315 nodes for merging on the each side. User can select these elements and
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316 nodes in 3D viewer or define them by its id.</p>
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