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94 <h1>Sewing meshes</h1>
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96 <p><img src="../i_blue.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="30px" height="30px" border="0" class="img_whs1"> In SMESH you can sew elements of different
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97 meshes. The current functionality allows you to sew:</p>
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101 <ul type="disc" class="whs2">
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103 <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs3"><a href="#free bord">Free
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104 borders </a></p></li>
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106 <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs3"><a href="#conform">Conform
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107 free borders</a></p></li>
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109 <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs3"><a href="#border to side">Border
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110 to side</a></p></li>
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112 <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs3"><a href="#side elements">Side
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113 elements</a></p></li>
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116 <p class="whs3"> </p>
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118 <p class=TODO>To sew elements of different meshes:</p>
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120 <p class=TODO> </p>
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122 <p class="whs4">1. From the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Modification
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123 </B></span>menu choose the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Transformation
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124 </B></span>item and from
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125 its sub-menu select the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Sewing </B></span>item.
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128 <p class="whs4">2. Check in the dialog box one of the radio
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129 buttons corresponding to the type of sewing operation you would like to
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132 <p class="whs4">3. Fill the other fields available in the
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135 <p class="whs4">4. Click the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>OK
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136 </B></span><span>or </span><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Apply </B></span>button
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137 to perform the operation of sewing. </p>
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139 <h3><a name="free bord"></a>Sew free borders<img src="../pics/sewing1.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="332px" height="548px" align="right" border="0" class="img_whs5"></h3>
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141 <p>This functionality allows you to unite two free borders of a 2D mesh.</p>
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145 <p>For sewing free borders you should define three points on each border:
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146 first, second and the last node: </p>
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150 <ul type="disc" class="whs2">
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152 <li class=kadov-p><p> the
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153 first node specifies beginning of the border ;</p></li>
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155 <li class=kadov-p><p> the
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156 second node specifies the part of the border which should be considered
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157 (as far as the free border usually forms a closed contour);</p></li>
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159 <li class=kadov-p><p> the
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160 last node specifies the end of the border.</p></li>
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165 <p>You can select these nodes in the 3D viewer or define by its id.</p>
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169 <p>The first and the second nodes should belong to the same link of a face.
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170 The second and the last nodes of a border can be the same. The first and
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171 the last nodes of two borders can be the same. The corresponding end nodes
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172 of two borders will be merged. Intermediate nodes of two borders will
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173 be either merged or inserted into faces of the opposite border.</p>
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177 <p>The sewing algorithm is as follows:</p>
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181 <p class="whs4">1. The parameter (U) of each node within
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182 a border is computed. So that the first node has U=0.0, the last node
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183 has U=1.0, for the rest nodes 0.0 < U < 1.0;</p>
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185 <p class="whs4">2. Compare node parameters of the two borders.
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186 If two nodes of the opposite borders have close parameters, they are merged,
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187 i.e. a node of the first border is replaced in all elements by a node
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188 of the second border. If a node has no node with a close parameter in
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189 the opposite border, it is inserted into an edge of element of the opposite
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190 border, an element is split. Two nodes are considered close enough to
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191 merge, if difference of their parameters is less than one fifth of minimum
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192 length of adjacent face edges on the borders.</p>
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196 <p class="whs4"><img src="../image22.jpg" width="612px" height="225px" border="0" class="img_whs6"></p>
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198 <p class="whs4"> </p>
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200 <p> <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>See
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201 Also</B></span> a sample TUI Script of a <a href="../transforming_meshes.htm#bookmark4">Sew
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202 Free Borders</a> operation. </p>
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206 <p class="whs4"> </p>
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208 <h3><a name=conform></a>Sew conform free borders<img src="../pics/sewing2.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="332px" height="548px" align="right" border="0" class="img_whs5"></h3>
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210 <p>This functionality can be used to unite two free borders of a 2D mesh.
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215 <p>The borders of meshes for sewing are defined as for "Sew free borders"
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216 except that the second free border is not limited and can be defined by
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217 the first and the second nodes only. The first nodes of two borders can
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222 <p>The algorithm is following: counting nodes starting at the first ones,
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223 the n-th node of the first border is merged with the n-th node of the
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224 other border, until the end of either of borders. Nodes of the first border
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225 are replaced in all elements with corresponding nodes of the second border.</p>
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227 <p>For sewing conform free borders you should define three points on the
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228 first border and two points on the second one. User can select these nodes
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229 in 3D viewer or define node by its id.<img src="../image23.jpg" width="581px" height="218px" align="left" border="0" class="img_whs7"></p>
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231 <p class="whs3"> </p>
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233 <p class="whs3"> </p>
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245 <p> <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>See
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246 Also</B></span> a sample TUI Script of a <a href="../transforming_meshes.htm#bookmark5">Sew
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247 Conform Free Borders</a> operation. </p>
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253 <h3><a name="border to side"></a>Sew border to side<img src="../pics/sewing3.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="332px" height="548px" align="right" border="0" class="img_whs5"></h3>
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255 <p>"Sew border to side" is intended to sew a free border to a
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258 <p>The free border is defined as for "Sewing of free borders".
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259 The place where to sew the border is defined by two nodes, between which
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260 the border faces are placed, so that the first border node is merged with
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261 the first node on the side and the last node of the border is merged with
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262 the second specified node on the side.</p>
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266 <p class="whs4"> </p>
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268 <p>The algorithm is following.</p>
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270 <p>1. Find a sequence of linked nodes on the side such that the found links
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271 to be most co-directed with the links of the free border.</p>
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273 <p>2. Sew two sequences of nodes using algorithm of "Sewing of free
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276 <p>For sewing border to side you should define three points on the border
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277 and two points on the side. User can select these nodes in 3D viewer or
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278 define node by its id.</p>
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280 <p><img src="../image30.jpg" width="600px" height="227px" border="0" class="img_whs8"></p>
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282 <p> <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>See
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283 Also</B></span> a sample TUI Script of a <a href="../transforming_meshes.htm#bookmark6">Sew
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284 Border to Side</a> operation. </p>
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290 <h3><a name="side elements"></a>Sew side elements<img src="../pics/sewing4.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="332px" height="548px" align="right" border="0" class="img_whs5"></h3>
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292 <p class="whs9">This operation is intended to unite two mesh
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295 <p class="whs9"> </p>
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297 <p>Surfaces may be defined by either 2d or 3d elements. The number of given
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298 elements of the sides must be the same. The sets of given elements must
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299 be topologically equal, i.e. each node of one element set must have a
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300 corresponding node in the other element set and corresponding nodes must
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301 be equally linked. If there are 3d elements in a set, only their free
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302 faces must obey to that rule.</p>
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304 <p>Two corresponding nodes on each side must be specified. They must belong
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305 to one element and must be located on an element set boundary.</p>
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309 <p>Sewing algorithm finds and merges the corresponding nodes starting from
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310 the specified ones.</p>
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312 <p><img src="../image31.jpg" width="620px" height="228px" border="0" class="img_whs10"></p>
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314 <p class="whs4"><img src="../image32.jpg" width="304px" height="222px" border="0" class="img_whs11"></p>
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316 <p>For sewing side elements you should define elements for sewing and two
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317 nodes for merging on the each side. User can select these elements and
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318 nodes in 3D viewer or define them by its id.</p>
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322 <p><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>See Also</B></span> a sample TUI Script
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323 of a <a href="../transforming_meshes.htm#bookmark7">Sew Side Elements</a>
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324 operation. </p>
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