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-<h1><img src="image101.gif" width="27px" height="24px" border="0" class="img_whs1">Extrusion along a path</h1>
-
-<p>In principle, <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion along a path</B></span>
- works in the same way as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion</B></span>,
- the main difference is that we define not a vector, but a path of extrusion
- which must be a meshed edge. To get an idea of how this algorithm works,
- examine several examples, starting from the most simple case of extrusion
- along a straight edge. In all examples the same mesh will be extruded
- along different paths and with different parameters. This sample 2D mesh
- has two quadrangle faces and seven edges. Look at the picture, where white
- digits are the node numbers and green are the element numbers:</p>
-
-<p><span style="margin-left: 40px;"><img src="pics/mesh_for_extr_along_path.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="387px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs2"> .</span></p>
-
-<p> </p>
-
-<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion along
- a straight edge</B></span> (not using base point or angles)</p></li>
-</ul>
-
-<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">
-<col class="whs5">
-<col class="whs5">
-
-<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
-<td width="50%" class="whs7">
-<p class="whs8"><img src="pics/straight_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>
-<td width="50%" class="whs10">
-<p class="whs11"><img src="pics/straight_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<p class="whs12">The left image shows a 1D path mesh, built
- on a linear edge, and the initial 2D mesh. The right image shows the result
- of extrusion of two edges (#1 and #2) of the initial mesh along the path.
- Node #1 of path mesh has been selected as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Start
- node</B></span>.</p>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion along
- a curvilinear edge</B></span> (with and without angles)</p></li>
-</ul>
-
-<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">
-<col class="whs13">
-<col class="whs13">
-<col class="whs13">
-
-<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs14">
-<p><img src="pics/curvi_simple_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs15">
-<p><img src="pics/curvi_simple_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs16">
-<p><img src="pics/curvi_angles_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>
-
-<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs17">
-<p>The left image shows a 1D path mesh, built on curvilinear edge, and
- the initial 2D
- mesh.</td>
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs18">
-<p>The central image shows the result of extrusion of one edge (#2) of
- the initial mesh along the path. Node
- #1 of path mesh has been selected as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Start
- node</B></span>.</td>
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs19">
-<p>The same, but using angles {45, 45, 45, 0, -45, -45, -45}</td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class="whs11"> </p>
-
-<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs11"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion
- along a sub-mesh.</B></span></p></li>
-</ul>
-
-<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">
-<col class="whs5">
-<col class="whs5">
-
-<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
-<td width="50%" class="whs7">
-<p><img src="pics/edge_wire_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>
-<td width="50%" class="whs10">
-<p><img src="pics/edge_wire_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<p class="whs12">In this example the path mesh has been built
- on a wire (polyline with six edges). The first edge of the wire was used
- as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Shape (edge)</B></span>, node #1 as <span
- style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Start node</B></span>. The angles have been defined
- as {10, 10, 10}. The middle edge (#4) of the initial mesh has been extruded.</p>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs20">Extrusion
- of 2d elements along a sub-mesh.</p></li>
-</ul>
-
-<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">
-<col class="whs5">
-<col class="whs5">
-
-<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
-<td width="50%" class="whs7">
-<p><img src="pics/edge_wire_3d_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>
-<td width="50%" class="whs10">
-<p><img src="pics/edge_wire_3d_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<p class="whs12">This extrusion bases on the same path mesh
- as in the previous example but the third edge of the wire was set as <span
- style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Shape (edge)</B></span> and node #4 as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Start
- node</B></span>. Please note, that the extrusion has been done in direction
- from node #4 to node #3, i.e. against the wire direction. In this example
- both faces of the initial mesh have been extruded.</p>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs21">Extrusion of 2d elements
- along a closed path.</p></li>
-</ul>
-
-<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">
-<col class="whs13">
-<col class="whs13">
-<col class="whs13">
-
-<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs14">
-<p><img src="pics/circle_simple_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs15">
-<p><img src="pics/circle_simple_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs16">
-<p><img src="pics/circle_angles_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>
-
-<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs17">
-<p>The left image shows a path mesh built on a closed edge (circle).</td>
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs18">
-<p>The central image shows the result of extrusion of both faces of the
- initial mesh. Note, that no sewing has been done, so, there are six coincident
- nodes and two coincident faces in the resulting mesh.</td>
-<td width="33.333%" class="whs19">
-<p>The same, but using angles {45, -45, 45, -45, 45, -45, 45, -45}</td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<p> </p>
-
-<p class=TODO>To use Extrusion along a path:</p>
-
-<p class="whs12">1. From the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Modification
- </B></span>menu choose the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion along
- a path </B></span>item or click <img src="image101.gif" width="27px" height="24px" border="0" class="img_whs1"> button in the toolbar. The
- following dialog box will appear:</p>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<p class=TODO
- style="margin-left: 80px;"><img src="pics/extrusion1.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="441px" height="541px" border="0" class="img_whs22"></p>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<p class="whs12">2. In the dialog box you should </p>
-
-<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs23">select the type of
- elements which will be extruded (1D or 2D),</p></li>
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs23">specify the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>IDs
- of the elements</B></span> which will be extruded by selecting them in the
- 3D viewer or <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Select the whole mesh, submesh
- or group</B></span>,</p></li>
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs23">define the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Path</B></span>
- along which the elements will be extruded, </p></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="whs24">Path definition consists of several elements
- </p>
-
-<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs25">Mesh
- - <span style="font-weight: normal;">containing a 1D sub-mesh on the edge,
- along which proceeds the extrusion.</span></p></li>
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs25">Shape
- (edge) - <span style="font-weight: normal;">as the mesh can be complex,
- the edge is used to define the sub-mesh for the path.</span></p></li>
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs25">Start
- node - <span style="font-weight: normal;"> the
- first or the last node on the edge. It is used to define the direction
- of extrusion.</span></p></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<p class="whs12">3. There are two optional parameters, which
- can be very useful.</p>
-
-<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs23">If the path of extrusion
- is curvilinear, at each iteration the extruded shape is rotated to keep
- its initial angularity to the curve. By default, the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Base
- Point</B></span> around which the shape is rotated is the mass center of the
- shape, however, you can specify any point as the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Base
- Point</B></span> and the shape will be rotated with respect to this point.</p></li>
-
- <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs23">The shape can also
- be rotated around the path to get the resulting mesh in a helical fashion.
- You can set the values of angles at the right, add them to the list of
- angles at the left by pressing the <img src="image105.gif" width="26px" height="25px" border="0" class="img_whs26"> button and remove them
- from the list by pressing the <img src="image106.gif" width="29px" height="28px" border="0" class="img_whs27"> button. </p></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="whs12">4. Click the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Apply
- </B></span>or <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>OK </B></span>button. Mesh edges
- will be extruded into faces, faces into volumes. The external surface
- of the resulting 3d mesh (if faces have been extruded) is covered with
- faces, and corners with edges. If the path is closed, the resulting mesh
- can contain duplicated nodes and faces, because no sewing is done.</p>
-
-<p class="whs12"> </p>
-
-<p> <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>See
- Also</B></span> a sample TUI Script of an <a href="modifying_meshes.htm#bookmark10">Extrusion
- along a Path</a> operation. </p>
-
-<p> </p>
-
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+<h1><img src="image101.gif" width="27px" height="24px" border="0" class="img_whs1">Extrusion along a path</h1>\r
+\r
+<p>In principle, <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion along a path</B></span> \r
+ works in the same way as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion</B></span>, \r
+ the main difference is that we define not a vector, but a path of extrusion \r
+ which must be a meshed edge. To get an idea of how this algorithm works, \r
+ examine several examples, starting from the most simple case of extrusion \r
+ along a straight edge. In all examples the same mesh will be extruded \r
+ along different paths and with different parameters. This sample 2D mesh \r
+ has two quadrangle faces and seven edges. Look at the picture, where white \r
+ digits are the node numbers and green are the element numbers:</p>\r
+\r
+<p><span style="margin-left: 40px;"><img src="pics/mesh_for_extr_along_path.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="387px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs2"> .</span></p>\r
+\r
+<p> </p>\r
+\r
+<ul type="disc" class="whs3">\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion along \r
+ a straight edge</B></span> (not using base point or angles)</p></li>\r
+</ul>\r
+\r
+<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">\r
+<col class="whs5">\r
+<col class="whs5">\r
+\r
+<tr valign="top" class="whs6">\r
+<td width="50%" class="whs7">\r
+<p class="whs8"><img src="pics/straight_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>\r
+<td width="50%" class="whs10">\r
+<p class="whs11"><img src="pics/straight_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>\r
+</table>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12">The left image shows a 1D path mesh, built \r
+ on a linear edge, and the initial 2D mesh. The right image shows the result \r
+ of extrusion of two edges (#1 and #2) of the initial mesh along the path. \r
+ Node #1 of path mesh has been selected as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Start \r
+ node</B></span>.</p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<ul type="disc" class="whs3">\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion along \r
+ a curvilinear edge</B></span> (with and without angles)</p></li>\r
+</ul>\r
+\r
+<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">\r
+<col class="whs13">\r
+<col class="whs13">\r
+<col class="whs13">\r
+\r
+<tr valign="top" class="whs6">\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs14">\r
+<p><img src="pics/curvi_simple_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs15">\r
+<p><img src="pics/curvi_simple_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs16">\r
+<p><img src="pics/curvi_angles_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>\r
+\r
+<tr valign="top" class="whs6">\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs17">\r
+<p>The left image shows a 1D path mesh, built on curvilinear edge, and \r
+ the initial 2D \r
+ mesh.</td>\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs18">\r
+<p>The central image shows the result of extrusion of one edge (#2) of \r
+ the initial mesh along the path. Node \r
+ #1 of path mesh has been selected as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Start \r
+ node</B></span>.</td>\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs19">\r
+<p>The same, but using angles {45, 45, 45, 0, -45, -45, -45}</td></tr>\r
+</table>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs11"> </p>\r
+\r
+<ul type="disc" class="whs3">\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs11"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion \r
+ along a sub-mesh.</B></span></p></li>\r
+</ul>\r
+\r
+<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">\r
+<col class="whs5">\r
+<col class="whs5">\r
+\r
+<tr valign="top" class="whs6">\r
+<td width="50%" class="whs7">\r
+<p><img src="pics/edge_wire_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>\r
+<td width="50%" class="whs10">\r
+<p><img src="pics/edge_wire_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>\r
+</table>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12">In this example the path mesh has been built \r
+ on a wire (polyline with six edges). The first edge of the wire was used \r
+ as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Shape (edge)</B></span>, node #1 as <span \r
+ style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Start node</B></span>. The angles have been defined \r
+ as {10, 10, 10}. The middle edge (#4) of the initial mesh has been extruded.</p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<ul type="disc" class="whs3">\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs20">Extrusion \r
+ of 2d elements along a sub-mesh.</p></li>\r
+</ul>\r
+\r
+<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">\r
+<col class="whs5">\r
+<col class="whs5">\r
+\r
+<tr valign="top" class="whs6">\r
+<td width="50%" class="whs7">\r
+<p><img src="pics/edge_wire_3d_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>\r
+<td width="50%" class="whs10">\r
+<p><img src="pics/edge_wire_3d_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>\r
+</table>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12">This extrusion bases on the same path mesh \r
+ as in the previous example but the third edge of the wire was set as <span \r
+ style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Shape (edge)</B></span> and node #4 as <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Start \r
+ node</B></span>. Please note, that the extrusion has been done in direction \r
+ from node #4 to node #3, i.e. against the wire direction. In this example \r
+ both faces of the initial mesh have been extruded.</p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<ul type="disc" class="whs3">\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs21">Extrusion of 2d elements \r
+ along a closed path.</p></li>\r
+</ul>\r
+\r
+<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" width="100%" class="whs4">\r
+<col class="whs13">\r
+<col class="whs13">\r
+<col class="whs13">\r
+\r
+<tr valign="top" class="whs6">\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs14">\r
+<p><img src="pics/circle_simple_before.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs15">\r
+<p><img src="pics/circle_simple_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td>\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs16">\r
+<p><img src="pics/circle_angles_after.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="389px" height="334px" border="0" class="img_whs9"></td></tr>\r
+\r
+<tr valign="top" class="whs6">\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs17">\r
+<p>The left image shows a path mesh built on a closed edge (circle).</td>\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs18">\r
+<p>The central image shows the result of extrusion of both faces of the \r
+ initial mesh. Note, that no sewing has been done, so, there are six coincident \r
+ nodes and two coincident faces in the resulting mesh.</td>\r
+<td width="33.333%" class="whs19">\r
+<p>The same, but using angles {45, -45, 45, -45, 45, -45, 45, -45}</td></tr>\r
+</table>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<p> </p>\r
+\r
+<p class=TODO>To use Extrusion along a path:</p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12">1. From the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Modification \r
+ </B></span>menu choose the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Extrusion along \r
+ a path </B></span>item or click <img src="image101.gif" width="27px" height="24px" border="0" class="img_whs1"> button in the toolbar. The \r
+ following dialog box will appear:</p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<p class=TODO\r
+ style="margin-left: 80px;"><img src="pics/extrusion1.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="441px" height="567px" border="0" class="img_whs22"> <img src="pics/extrusion2.png" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="441px" height="567px" border="0" class="img_whs23"></p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12">2. In the dialog box you should </p>\r
+\r
+<ul type="disc" class="whs3">\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs24">select the type of \r
+ elements which will be extruded (1D or 2D),</p></li>\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs24">specify the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>IDs \r
+ of the elements</B></span> which will be extruded by selecting them in the \r
+ 3D viewer or <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Select the whole mesh, submesh \r
+ or group</B></span>,</p></li>\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs24">define the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Path</B></span> \r
+ along which the elements will be extruded, </p></li>\r
+</ul>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs25">Path definition consists of several elements \r
+ </p>\r
+\r
+<ul type="disc" class="whs3">\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs26">Mesh \r
+ - <span style="font-weight: normal;">containing a 1D sub-mesh on the edge, \r
+ along which proceeds the extrusion.</span></p></li>\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs26">Shape \r
+ (edge) - <span style="font-weight: normal;">as the mesh can be complex, \r
+ the edge is used to define the sub-mesh for the path.</span></p></li>\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs26">Start \r
+ node - <span style="font-weight: normal;"> the \r
+ first or the last node on the edge. It is used to define the direction \r
+ of extrusion.</span></p></li>\r
+</ul>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12">3. There are two optional parameters, which \r
+ can be very useful.</p>\r
+\r
+<ul type="disc" class="whs3">\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs24">If the path of extrusion \r
+ is curvilinear, at each iteration the extruded shape is rotated to keep \r
+ its initial angularity to the curve. By default, the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Base \r
+ Point</B></span> around which the shape is rotated is the mass center of the \r
+ shape, however, you can specify any point as the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Base \r
+ Point</B></span> and the shape will be rotated with respect to this point.</p></li>\r
+ \r
+ <li class=kadov-p><p class="whs24">The shape can also \r
+ be rotated around the path to get the resulting mesh in a helical fashion. \r
+ You can set the values of angles at the right, add them to the list of \r
+ angles at the left by pressing the <img src="image105.gif" width="26px" height="25px" border="0" class="img_whs27"> button and remove them \r
+ from the list by pressing the <img src="image106.gif" width="29px" height="28px" border="0" class="img_whs28"> button. </p></li>\r
+</ul>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Generate \r
+ Groups</B></span> checkbox allows copying the groups of elements of the source \r
+ mesh to the newly created one.</p>\r
+\r
+<p> </p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12">4. Click the <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>Apply \r
+ </B></span>or <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>OK </B></span>button. Mesh edges \r
+ will be extruded into faces, faces into volumes. The external surface \r
+ of the resulting 3d mesh (if faces have been extruded) is covered with \r
+ faces, and corners with edges. If the path is closed, the resulting mesh \r
+ can contain duplicated nodes and faces, because no sewing is done.</p>\r
+\r
+<p class="whs12"> </p>\r
+\r
+<p> <span style="font-weight: bold;"><B>See \r
+ Also</B></span> a sample TUI Script of an <a href="modifying_meshes.htm#bookmark10">Extrusion \r
+ along a Path</a> operation. </p>\r
+\r
+<p> </p>\r
+\r
+<p> </p>\r
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